Alvin Ailey choreographed Black, Brown and Beige in 1976 as part of Lincoln Center’s Bicentennial Celebration. Duke Ellington’s music was his inspiration, and he used five Ellington pieces to celebrate the composer: “Work Song,” “Come Sunday,” “West Indian Dance,” “Emancipation,” and “Sonnet for Caesar.” The work was a sweeping portrayal of African American history—from slavery and emancipation to the present.